Limitations and future development direction of th

Limitations of agricultural machinery subsidy policy and future development direction

Abstract: since the implementation of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy in 2004, China's agricultural machinery industry has made great development, whether in the rate of agricultural mechanization or enterprise development, has made brilliant achievements. However, up to now, we have to admit that the agricultural machinery industry driven by the high subsidy policy has entered an unprecedented difficult period. We have to rethink the limitations of the agricultural machinery subsidy policy and the future development direction

as an industry veteran with many years of experience in the policy-making department of agricultural machinery industry, the former deputy director of the Department of agricultural economics of the national development and Reform Commission and the chief expert of the China Rural Research Institute of Tsinghua University, dialect discussed the dilemma of agricultural machinery under high subsidies at the Fifth China agricultural machinery high-end forum with sharp views and words, and analyzed the development direction of future subsidy policies and the ice breaking way of agricultural machinery enterprises

the situation of the agricultural machinery industry is not as bad as expected

since 2016, the agricultural machinery industry has entered an unprecedented difficult period. The growth rate of the industry is lower than that of the machinery industry. The sales volume and income of backbone enterprises have fallen sharply, and small enterprises are living like years. According to the data of 2016, the agricultural machinery industry seems to be in the worst situation

"I don't think we can see the real situation of the development of the industry only by looking at the data of one year. Only by looking at the data of many years can we have objectivity." Dialect compares the data from 2014 to 2016. "From the data of three years, we can see that the machinery industry has experienced restorative growth, and the growth rate of the agricultural machinery industry has declined. However, looking forward, the agricultural machinery industry has been in rapid development. Therefore, although many enterprises are having a hard time this year, the situation is far from as bad as we thought!"

Lenovo is currently in a downturn in the construction machinery industry, and the dialect view is not so difficult to understand. The construction machinery industry has experienced negative increase for many years. 6. The main reason for the negative deviation of the indicated value is that the friction resistance between various parts is too large; Long, the market fell to the bottom. Compared with this, the agricultural machinery industry is far from full of sorrow

the superposition of three factors led to the market decline

although the situation of the agricultural machinery industry is not as bad as expected, dialect believes that the agricultural machinery industry has indeed come to an inflection point

after 10 years of rapid development, the growth rate in 2015 fell, indicating that the agricultural machinery industry has entered a new period of slowing down. The continuous decline from 2016 to 2017 is the main feature of this period

then, why does the agricultural machinery industry have a sudden decline in growth rate, and the decline is so severe (1) compare the shrinkage deformation and destruction of low carbon steel and cast iron? From a macro perspective, dialect believes that this is a "phenomenon caused by the superposition of three factors"

the first priority is the adjustment of agricultural structure. Among them, the prominent influencing factor is the adjustment of corn planting structure. The reduction of corn planting area and the policy of changing grain to feed have changed the structural proportion of corn harvester and silage machinery. At the stage when silage machinery is not yet mature, it has caused the decline of corn harvester market

the second and third are the adjustment of agricultural support policies and the reduction of purchase subsidy funds, respectively. In 2016, the state merged improved seed subsidies, direct subsidies for grain planting, and comprehensive subsidies for agricultural materials into agricultural support and protection subsidies, and the policy objective was adjusted to support the protection of cultivated land fertility and the appropriate scale operation of grain. Agricultural support and protection subsidies, together with agricultural machinery purchase subsidies, have become the main components of agricultural subsidies

dialect points out that at present, the state has invested a lot of money in agricultural subsidies. The main feature is gold, which has reached a high point in the past two years, and the reduction of funds is inevitable

however, due to its special nature and direct relevance to the national economy and the people's livelihood, agricultural support and protection subsidies cannot start from here. Therefore, agricultural machinery purchase subsidies bear the brunt, which is also the reason for the reduction of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies by 5billion yuan in 2017

after more than 10 years of subsidies, the agricultural machinery industry has become an industry highly dependent on subsidies. The sudden reduction of subsidy funds has greatly damaged the vitality of the industry

subsidies have to continue

in fact, not only the agricultural machinery industry, agriculture itself is a highly subsidy dependent industry

dialect points out that from 2008 to 2017, the state spent a total of 180.6 billion yuan on four agricultural subsidies. During this period, the gross agricultural product increased by 260billion yuan, 70% of which was supported by state subsidies

specific to the agricultural machinery industry, from the analysis of foreign cases, agricultural machinery subsidies have played an important role in the process of realizing agricultural mechanization and the modernization of agricultural Universal Tension Experiment motor sub tension machine based on Neuron Adaptive PID algorithm and full digital, closed-loop (force, deformation, displacement) control system

"the United States began to implement agricultural mechanization in the 19th century, Britain began before World War II, and Japan began after World War II. In the development process of these decades, all these countries have given important policy support to the agricultural machinery industry." Speak in dialect

therefore, dialect believes that "subsidies have to continue."

improve the overall level of agricultural machinery industry from the root

however, dialect emphasizes that there is one biggest difference between China and developed countries and regions such as Europe, America and Japan: Europe, America and Japan carry out agricultural mechanization and realize agricultural modernization after industrialization; China began to implement it when industrialization was not sufficient

therefore, agricultural machinery subsidies should be changed from subsidies for "machinery" to subsidies for "manufacturing", so as to achieve "fundamentally improve the agricultural machinery industry"

at present, most enterprises in China's agricultural machinery industry are "assembly mode", and the basic parts are purchased from outside, and then sold after assembly in the factory. This practice leads to the overall level of China's agricultural machinery industry is large but not strong

therefore, dialect believes that it is very important to improve the quality of agricultural machinery parts. What is needed is to pay attention to scientific research, increase R & D investment, and promote the combination of R & D and application

"the action plan for the development of agricultural machinery and equipment 2016-2025, I think, can solve the current difficulties faced by the agricultural machinery industry." On the development path, dialect believes that "R & D - integration - Application - RE development" is the key to solving the problem

how should enterprises formulate "development tactics" in specific development

dialect believes that agricultural machinery enterprises should pay attention to the change of grain output, the harvest rate of agricultural machinery, the occupation of 10000 mu of agricultural machinery, etc., to adjust the product categories; And in the details to improve the quality of agricultural machinery

finally, the dialect points out that enterprises should pay attention to the impact of the adjustment of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy on the industry. At present, the subsidy policy for the purchase of agricultural machinery is "green" oriented, and the corresponding categories of products will be supported. In addition, "green" also reflects that it is imperative to upgrade the emission standards of agricultural machinery. Enterprises should prepare early and actively respond